Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom hlau tsis yog tsuas yog muaj kev phom sij ntawm lub zog cua sov thiab lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm siab uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev siv tshuab hlau tab sis kuj muaj kev phom sij ntawm tshuaj lom, cov nplaim taws thiab tawg, kub thiab siab ntawm kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj cov tshuab thiab cuab yeej, tsheb, thiab poob los ntawm qhov siab thiab lwm yam kev raug mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tsim cov hlau hlau, cov hlau kub txaws tawg, ua kom muaj roj lom lossis ua rau tawg, tawg, thiab lwm yam xwm txheej, qib kev phom sij yog mob hnyav heev. Ib qho ntxiv, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab cov cuab yeej siv ntawm kev tsim cov hlau yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem pabcuam. Piv txwv li, lub zog tsis ua haujlwm tam sim tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau yaj thiab cov hlau ua kom khov hauv lub cub tawg, thiab kev poob roj hauv lub network sai yuav ua rau muaj xwm txheej loj. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom phom sij ntawm cov nroj tsuag hlau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov teeb meem nyuaj, muaj kev cuam tshuam loj, muaj kev sib kis ntau, thiab raug mob hnyav. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam hlau yuav tsum muaj kev nkag siab txog qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj.
1. Txau kev huam yuaj
Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlau thiab cov hlau yaj, cov hlau yaj thiab cov hlau yaj yog cov kua kub yaj, uas tsis ua rau tawg lossis tawg. Cov txheej txheem steelmaking feem ntau yog txheej txheem oxidation, thiab nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau slag. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi cuam tshuam nrog kub thiab roj siab. Tib lub sijhawm, cov pa roj carbon monoxide loj tau tsim. Txawm hais tias cov pa roj tau tsim tawm tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau yooj yim yog cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev kub hnyiab ntawm slag. Qhov tsim nyog tsim nyog thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov slag ua rau lub pas dej tauv ua kom dej ntau dua thiab mus txog qhov ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm cov pa roj carbon.
Cov pa roj carbon-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv pas dej ua ke tsim tawm tsis sib xws, thiab cov pa CO ntau tau tsim tawm sai, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg tawg. Thaum cov cuab yeej oxidizing ntawm slag siab dhau thiab qhov kub ntawm lub pas dej molten dheev txias thiab tom qab ntawd nce, tawg tawg tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Kev phom sij ntawm kev txaws yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) cov hlau poob los ntawm kev txaws yog nruab nrab ntawm 0.5% thiab 5%. Zam kev txaws yog sib npaug rau kev tsim cov hlau.
(2) txaws thiab haus luam yeeb ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj.
(3) nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm cov dej ntws tawm. Kev sib tsoo loj yuav ua rau muaj xwm txheej thiab ua rau tus kheej thiab khoom nyab xeeb.
(4) vim muaj kev sib tsoo ntau heev, tsis yog tsuas yog tshem P thiab S cuam tshuam, tab sis kuj ua rau cov cua sov poob qis, thiab cov dej cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau hloov pauv, uas cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev tswj kev zom. Txwv kev siv cov pa oxygen ntau ntxiv.
2. Lub qhov cub tawg tawg tawg
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub qhov cub tawg tawg tawg, hlau yaj, kub coke thiab kub-kub slag yuav ua rau tawg thiab hluav taws kub; pulverized thee txhaj rau hauv lub tshuab ua kom tawg tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob zeb tawg; Cov cua sov ua kom tawg tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws thiab tawg; cov pa phem xws li cov cua sov ua kom tawg thiab hydrogen sulfide tuaj yeem ua rau lom thiab lwm yam xwm txheej. Thaum cuam tshuam nrog kev sib tsoo ntawm qhov cub tawg tawg, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xyuam xim rau:
(1) ua kom raug thiab tiv thaiv hluav taws, tawg thiab ua rau muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlau kub yaj, cov hmoov av, cov cua sov tawg, cov tshuaj hydrogen sulfide, thiab lwm yam;
(2) lub sijhawm txiav tawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mus rau lub tshuab ua kom tawg, suav nrog cov pa taws, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam;
(3) saib xyuas qhov muaj cov pa roj hauv huab cua ntawm qhov chaw sib tsoo thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig (tshwj xeeb yog thaj chaw nqes hav);
(4) yog tias tsim nyog, tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm ntawm cov pa lom ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig, thiab tshem tawm thaj chaw nyab xeeb.
3. Pulverized thee tawg qhov xwm txheej
Kev sib tsoo cov pa tawg tau tshwm sim hauv cov khoom tsim khoom kaw yuav tsim rau hauv cov txheej txheem tawg, rhuav tshem tag nrho cov tshuab ua kom cov roj bituminous thiab tseem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rauv tawg; cov khoom siv pov tseg pov tseg sab nraum cov cuab yeej tsim khoom kaw tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hmoov av thib ob tawg thiab hluav taws kub thib ob, thiab nthuav kev puas tsuaj. Thaum tuav cov phom tawg tawg tawg, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xyuam xim rau:
(1) ncua sijhawm txiav lub hwj chim thiab lwm lub zog siv;
(2) nws raug txwv tsis pub qhib cov cuab yeej uas muaj cov khoom siv sib tsoo kom tua hluav taws;
(3) nws raug txwv tsis pub siv rab phom dej siab kom tsuag cov hmoov zeb sib tsoo;
(4) tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws kub thib ob tshwm sim los ntawm kev hlawv cov nplaim taws.
Kev sib tsoo tawg ntawm cov hlau yaj thiab hlau kub
(1) nws raug txwv tsis pub tsuag cov hlau yaj thiab hlau kub nrog dej kom txias;
(2) txiav txhua txoj hauv kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov hlau yaj thiab hlau yaj;
(3) tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm cov hlau tawg thiab cov hlau kub.
4. Hluav taws thiab tawg
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev tuav cov pa taws thiab cov xwm txheej tawg. Thaum muaj hluav taws kub thiab raug xwm txheej, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj kom raug txiav kom raug txhua lub sijhawm muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob coj mus rau qhov chaw sib tsoo, suav nrog roj thiab hluav taws xob, txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo ntxiv.
Roj, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide lom cov xwm txheej yuav tshwm sim hauv cov zom thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg. Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xyuam xim rau:
(1) nrhiav pom qhov chaw xau sai sai thiab txiav tawm cov pa roj kom tiv thaiv cov pa tawm mus tas li.
(2) ceeb toom rau cov neeg hauv nroog' tsoomfwv tam sim ntawd;
(3) teeb tsa kab lus ceeb toom ceeb toom rau cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig.
Thaum muaj xwm txheej hluav taws oxygen, cawm thaum muaj xwm ceev yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov hauv qab no:
(1) ntawm thaj chaw ntawm kev ntseeg kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm cawm neeg, cov dej xau lossis cov pa oxygen yuav tsum raug txiav tawm sai sai txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov pa tawm mus tas li;
(2) Kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hlawv los ntawm cov pa oxygen.
Thov txheeb xyuasPhau Ntawv Qhia Khoomlos xaiv cov kabmob uas haum rau koj lub tshuab.
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